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Table
of Contents > Depletions
> Antiretroviral Medications,ReverseTranscriptaseInhibitors
| Antiretroviral
Medications |
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| Reverse Transcriptase
Inhibitors |
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| Depletions |
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| Copper |
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Although copper deficiency is rare,
signs and symptoms of long-term depletion
of copper include anemia, changes in the
structure and appearance of hair, heart
damage, growth retardation, impaired bone
formation, osteoporosis (bone loss), and
emphysema (lung disease).
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| Zinc |
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Signs and symptoms of zinc deficiency
include loss of appetite or sense of
taste, growth retardation, skin changes,
and increased susceptibility to infection.
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| Editorial Note |
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The selected depletions information
presented here identifies some of the
nutrients that may be depleted by certain
medications. The signs and symptoms
associated with nutrient deficiency may
also indicate conditions other than
nutrient deficiency. If you are
experiencing any of the signs or symptoms
mentioned, it does not necessarily mean
that you are nutrient deficient. Nutrient
depletion depends upon a number of
factors, including your medical history,
diet, and lifestyle as well as the length
of time you have been taking the
medication. Please consult your healthcare
provider; he or she can best assess and
address your individual healthcare needs,
and determine if you are at risk for
nutrient depletions from these medications
as well as others not listed here.
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| Supporting Research |
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Ames BN. Micronutrient deficiencies: A
major cause of DNA damage. Ann NY Acad
Sci. 2000;889:87-106.
Baum, MK, et al. Zidovudine-associated
adverse reactions in a longitudinal study
of asymptomatic HIV-1 infected homosexual
males. J. Acquir. Defic. Syndr.
4(12):1218-1226, 1991.
Chung S, Choi J, Hyun T, Rha Y, Bae C.
Alterations in the carnitine metabolism in
epileptic children treated with valproic
acid. JKMS. 1997;12:553-558.
Coulter DL. Carnitine, valproate,
toxicity. J Child Neurol.
1991;61(1):7-14.
Falchuk KH. Disturbances in Trace
Elements. In: Fauci A, Braunwald E,
Isselbacher KJ, et al, eds. Harrison's
Principles of Internal Medicine. 14th
ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Companies
Health Professional Division;
1998:490-491.
Hambidge M. Human zinc deficiency. J
Nutr. 2000;130(5S Suppl):1344S-1349S.
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| Review
Date: October 2000 |
Reviewed
By: All depletions monographs have
been reviewed by a team of experts
including Derrick M. DeSilva, Jr., MD,
Raritan Bay Medical Center, Perth Amboy,
NJ; Jacqueline A. Hart, MD, Department of
Internal Medicine, Newton-Wellesley
Hospital, Harvard University and Senior
Medical Editor, A.D.A.M., Inc., Boston,
MA; John Hinze, PharmD, NMD, Woodbine, IA;
Ruth Marlin, MD, Medical Director and
Director of Medical Education, Preventive
Medicine Research Institute, Sausalito,
CA; Brian T Sanderoff, PD, BS in Pharmacy,
Clinical Assistant Professor, University
of Maryland School of Pharmacy; President,
Your Prescription for Health, Owings
Mills, MD; Leonard Wisneski, MD, FACP,
George Washington University, Rockville,
MD; Ira Zunin, MD, MPH, MBA, President and
Chairman, Hawaii State Consortium for
Integrative Medicine, Honolulu, HI.
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Copyright © 2004 A.D.A.M., Inc
The
publisher does not accept any
responsibility for the accuracy of the
information or the consequences arising
from the application, use, or misuse of
any of the information contained herein,
including any injury and/or damage to any
person or property as a matter of product
liability, negligence, or otherwise. No
warranty, expressed or implied, is made in
regard to the contents of this material.
No claims or endorsements are made for any
drugs or compounds currently marketed or
in investigative use. This material is not
intended as a guide to self-medication.
The reader is advised to discuss the
information provided here with a doctor,
pharmacist, nurse, or other authorized
healthcare practitioner and to check
product information (including package
inserts) regarding dosage, precautions,
warnings, interactions, and
contraindications before administering any
drug, herb, or supplement discussed
herein.
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